Let’s start with the “Where”: The optimal locations for
inspection devices on processing lines, and the technologies
that are most effective, can vary in accordance with such
factors as space availability, product temperature, and the size
of the product undergoing inspection. Equipment selection and
placement also will differ in accordance with a processor’s
inspection objectives, and can include the use of multiple
technologies in different sections of the processing line to
support functions ranging from bulk inspection of raw
ingredients to case inspection prior to palletizing. Earlier
placement, however, can help prevent damage to processing
equipment by enabling operators to detect dense matter before
the objects have contact with processing machinery.
In addition, inspecting products at the head of the process can
help ensure that larger objects are not reduced into smaller,
harder to detect pieces, while end-of-the-line inspection guards
against the chance that foreign matter will elude monitoring.
Placement becomes more critical when the primary goal is finding
low-density contaminants like bones, glass, or stones. Often,
this dictates upstream placement where product thickness is low
and consistent and creates more ideal conditions for detecting
the matter.
Now let’s discuss the “How”: X-ray inspection systems can
consist of single energy or dual energy technologies. Single
energy X-ray is the traditional technology used by most
facilities and excels at detecting metals, stone and glass and
bones in certain applications. Dual energy is an upgrade in
technology that uses two energy levels to identify the
difference between organic and inorganic material and is better
able to detect low density matter such as glass, stone, rubber,
and bone. Dual energy more effectively “tunes out” product
effects when detecting foreign matter and is ideal for
inspecting products consisting of layers and overlapping pieces.
Remember, performance should be your highest priority, as that
is the key to reducing consumer complaints, preventing recalls,
and minimizing rework and holds. Aim for higher performance than
you think you need, as that will result in the fewest false
rejects.
Lastly, consider available line space, speed, cost, and delivery
time.
